How Much Do You Know About Gum Disease?
If your dentist finds that you have gum disease, you’ll join millions of people across the world in fighting one of the most common dental problems. Gum disease, which includes the milder gingivitis and the more advanced periodontitis, is the leading cause of premature tooth loss in adults. Fortunately, if discovered early, it is highly treatable. You can start your recovery by understanding why periodontal problems develop in the first place. What Causes Periodontal Disease? Gum inflammation begins when a sticky, bacteria-filled substance called plaque builds up on the surface of your teeth. If you don't brush and floss properly, plaque bacteria cause inflammation and redness known as gingivitis. At this stage, the damage is often reversible. If left untreated, it will eventually progress. Bacterial toxins and the efforts of your immune system to battle the infection can cause your gums to pull away from your teeth and form pockets. Called periodontitis, this advanced form of gum disease involves the connective tissues and bones that hold your teeth in place. What Are the Risk Factors? While anyone can develop gum disease, the following factors may increase your risk:
- Smoking
- Diabetes, cancer, AIDS, or immune diseases
- Family history of gum problems
- Medications that reduce saliva flow
- Hormonal changes
- Red, swollen, or sore gums
- Gums that bleed easily
- Gums that are receding or teeth that appear longer
- Tooth sensitivity
- Loose teeth
- Chronic bad breath
- Gum surgery
- Professional scaling and root planing
- Oral antibiotics or gels
- Antimicrobial mouth rinses
- Smoking cessation
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